Hydrocarbon-burner.



Patented Feb. I3, I900.

J. JOHNSTON. HYDROCARBON BURNER.

(Application filed Jan. 18, 1899.)

(No Model.)

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NITED STATES PATENT Fries.

JONATHAN JOHNSTON, OF MORGAN PARK, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO SARAH JOHNSTON, OF SAME PLACE.

HYDROCARBO N-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 643,602, dated February 13, 1900.

. Application filed \Ianuary 13, 1899. Serial N- 7OZ,O90. (N0 model.)

- burner itself; and my invention has for its object to provide an improved and efficient construction of burner wherein the capacity or area of the vapor-generating retort shall be of the minimum size but maximum efficiency.

Another object of my invention is to provide improved and simple means whereby the hydrocarbon admitted to the retort will be disseminated therein and the interior of the retort may be quickly and effectually cleansed of residuum. I

Another object of my invention is to provide an improved construction whereby the residuum and small particles of foreign matter collecting in the retort will be arrested be fore reaching and clogging the starting-valve.

A further object of my invention is to have the construction such that the retort will not obstruct the flame from the burner and prevent the same from rising into impingement with the surface tobe heated thereover.

Another object of my invention is to provide a starting burner or valve of such a charactor that the hydrocarbon or other liquid fluid discharging therefrom may be lighted while in a liquid state as it discharges, a subsidiary object in this respect being to atomize the hydrocarbon or liquid fuel as it discharges from the starting-valve, and thus render it susceptible of combustion in the act of discharging.

With these ends in View my invention consists in certain features of novelty in the construction, combination, and arrangement of parts by which the said objects and certain other objects hereinafter appearing are attained, all as fully described with reference to the accompanying drawings,'and more particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the said drawings,Figure 1 is a plan View of my improved burner. Fig. 2 is a sectional view on the line 2 2, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a sectional view on the line 3 3, Fig. 1; and Fig. 4 is a detail side elevation of one of the burners proper.

1 2 represent two horizontal chambers ar ranged side by side, connected together with webs 3, and being substantially the same in construction. The closed end 4 of each of these chambers is provided with a small central aperture, into which is introduced the discharge ends of twin injectors 5 6, each having the usual controlling-valve 7 and being connected by abranch pipe 8 to an elbow 9. Into this elbow 9 is screwed Or otherwise removably secured one end of acomparatively small tube 10, which extends lengthwise of and between the chambers 1 2 and constitutes the retort. This retort 10 is supported in suitable seats across the webs 3 and securely held in place by straps 11,extending thereacross and being secured by screws, or other means to the webs 3, thus holding the retort 1O midway between the chambers 1 2 and at aproper elevation to be impinged by the flame, as will be hereinafter described. The retort may be supplied with hydrocarbon or other liquid fuel in any suitable manner, as by means of pipe 13, extending from the source of supply and being secured to the retort in any convenient way. In the instance shown in the drawings the pipe 13 is secured to the retort by an elbow-joint 14, which also serves for the introduction of an end plug 15, secured to a wire cable or other similar fibrous noncombustible material 16, extending substantially the length of the retort 10 and serving as a means for disseminating the hydrocarbon and bringing a comparatively small portion of the latter into contact with a comparatively large heated surface, and at the same time serving as a means for cleansing the retort of the residuum formed therein, it

being understood that such residuum will be 5 drawn out with the cable 16 and the walls of the retort scraped by the core of wire-like strands thus constituted when the plug 15 is unscrewed and removed. 1

The vapor formed in the retort enters the elbow 9 and discharges through the branches 8 into the injectors 5 6, and any residuum or foreign particles carried into the elbow 9 settle in a trap 17 formed thereunder, whence they may be withdrawn through a bottom plug 18, and thus prevented from reaching and clogging the starting-valve 19.

Located under the starting-valve 19 is a spreader against which the discharging oil impinges and is thereby atomized, so that it may be lighted while in a liquid state and while in the act of discharging. This spreader may consist of a conical pin or point 20, arranged directly under the valve 19, so as to receive the fine stream and divert it in all directions. The point or pin 20 is provided with threads and screwed intoa boss 21, supported by arms 22 from a collar 23, threaded on the lower end of the starting-valve housing, so that by turning the pin 20 by means of its head its point may be adjusted with relation to the valve. Arranged under the starting-valve is the usual drip-cup 24.

Arranged in each of the chambers 1 2 and axially therewith is an internal tube 25, into which the vapor from the injectors 5 and 6 discharge. One end of each of these tubes 25 is supported by a fitting 26, having on one end a nipple 27, which fits in and is supported by the aforesaid small aperture in the closed end at, into which the end of the injector 5 6 is also inserted. The lower side of each of these fittings 26 is provided with a threaded aperture, into which is screwed a collar 28, which is also screwed through the bottom of the chambers 1 2 and is open at its lower end to the atmosphere, thus forming an entrance for the air to the tube 25, and which 'air is entrained into the tube by the injector. The opposite end of each of the tubes 25 is supported bya number of fingers 20 constituting a spidersecured to a removable cap 30, arranged in each of the chambers 1 and 2 and having suitable packing 31 to render them sufficiently tight.

The upper side of each of the chambers 1 2 is provided at short intervals with dischargeopenings 32, three being shown in each of the chambers, and these are surrounded by bosses 33, secured to or formed on the chambers and each constituting a part of one of the plurality of burners proper and also constituting means for the attachment and support of the removable part of each of such burners. Each of these bosses 33 is provided in its upper face with a groove 34:, surrounding its opening 32, and arranged immediately over and against the upper surface of the boss is a plate 35, having a bottom ridge or rib 36, complementary in shape to the groove 3% and fitting down thereinto; but the bottom of the plate 35 is provided with radially-arranged ribs or corrugations 37, which hold the plate and the rib 36 aloof from the surface of the boss 33, and thus constitute a shallow space between the opposed surfaces of the two parts for the discharge of the combustible mixture rising in the opening 32. The plate 35 is provided with a central aperture 38 over the opening 32, and arranged over the plate 35 is a cap 39, which, like the plate 35, is provided on its under side with corrugations which hold it a slight distance aloof from the upper surface of the plate 35, and thereby constitutea scape for the discharge of the combustible mixture rising against the cap 39 through the aperture 38. The upper surface of the plate 35 is grooved like the boss 33, and the bottom surface of the cap 3.) has a depending ridge or rib 4-1, dipping down into the last said groove, but without touching the plate 35. These grooves and intermeshing ribs form tortuous passages for prolonging the passage of the vapor in the burner and the thin or shallow spaces between the cap 39 and the plate 35 and boss 33 spread the vapor out into thin sheets susceptible of instant combustion. The tortuous passages formed by the ribs 41 36 also constitute means for preventing back-firing or the combustion of the mixture within the chambers 1 2 in the event the pressure should decrease sufficiently to otherwise permit of that result.

The caps 39 may be held in place by screws 42, passing through the plates 35 into the bosses 33.

The outer edge of each of the bosses 33 is provided with a standing flange or lip 43, which rises above the space immediately under the cap 39, so as to deflect the flame in a more or less upward direction; but immediately opposite the retort 10 these flanges 43 are cutaway, as shown at 44, so as to permit the flame to discharge horizontally against the retort.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new therein, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A hydrocarbon-burner having in combination a retort, a plug removably screwed in the end of said retort and a core consisting of a plurality of wire-like strands secured to said plug and extending into said retort, sub stantially as set forth.

2. A device for the purpose described hav ing in combination a retort, a mixing-chamher having a burner, an ejector discharging into said mixing-chamber and connected with said retort, a starting-valve also communicating with said retort and a spreader foratomizing the oil discharging from said Valve, substantially as set forth.

3. A device for the purpose described having in combination a retort, a mixing-chamber, an ejector connected with said retort and dischargiuginto said mixing-chamber, a starting-valve connected with said retort, and an adjustable spreader arranged opposite the discharge-opening of said valve,substantially as set forth. 4

a. Adevice for the purpose described hav ing in combination a retort, a valve-housing communicating with said retort and having the starting-valve therein, the boss 21 suspended under said valve-housing and the threaded pin 20 screwed into said boss and l'IO having a point arranged opposite said valve, substantially as set forth.

5. A device for the purpose described having in combination an elongated chamber having an aperture in one end thereof and a plurality of apertures arranged at intervals throughoutits length, an injector discharging into said end aperture, the fitting 26 for receiving the discharge of said injector, the collar 28 passing through the bottom of said chamber and entering said fitting, the pipe secured at one end in said fitting and discharging at the other end into said chamber, and burners arranged over said plurality of apertures in the chamber, substantially as set forth.

6. A device for the purpose described having in combination an elongated chamber having an aperture in one end thereof and a plurality of apertures throughout its length, an internal pipe supported in said chamber,

- an injector discharging through said end aperture into said pipe, a collar passing through said chamber and entering said internal pipe and having communication with the external atmosphere, at a point adjacent to said injector, and burners arranged over said plurality of apertures, substantially as set forth.

7. A device for the purpose described having in combination an elongated chamber having an aperture in one end thereof,a fitting having a nipple entering said end aperture, an injector also entering said end aperture, a

tube supported at one end by said fitting, a removable cap arranged in the opposite end of said chamber and having fingers embracing said pipe, means for admitting air to said pipe from the external atmosphere, and burners arranged over said plurality of apertures, substantially as set forth.

8. A device for the purpose described having in combination a mixing-chamber provided with an aperture leading therefrom, a boss surrounding said aperture, a platearranged over said boss and having an aperture therein coinciding with said first aperture and a cap arranged over said plate, said cap, plate and boss being held at a slight distance from each other bycorrugations formed on them, substantially as set forth.

'9. A device for the purpose describedhaving in combination a mixingchamber provided With an aperture leading therefrom, a boss surrounding said aperture and having a groove surrounding said aperture, a plate arranged over said boss and having a rib on its under side dipping into said groove and a groove in its upper side, said plate having a central aperture, and a cap arranged over said plate and having a rib dipping into the groove therein, said cap, plate and boss being held at a slight distance apart, substantially as set forth.

JONATHAN JOHNSTON.

Witnesses:

EDNA B. JOHNSON, F. A. HOPKINS. 

